Railway bolts, technical characteristics and applications

Bolting solutions for the railway sector are vital components for both infrastructure and rolling stock. In a field where mechanical and environmental stresses are extreme, qualities such as safety, reliability, and long-lasting durability are essential. In this article, we’ll explore the main characteristics, standards, and types of bolting used in the railway sector, with insights from the experts at Univiti, a leading name in both standard and custom fastening solutions.

The railway line key components

The railway sector is broadly divided into two main areas: the construction of rolling stocks (trains and locomotives) and infrastructure development (tracks and sleepers).

Each area requires specific bolted components designed to endure challenging conditions, including constant vibrations, wide temperature fluctuations, and both static and dynamic loads. Common steel grades for these components are 8.8, 10.9, and 12.9, as they offer high resistance to mechanical stress.

These materials are treated with surface coatings, selected based on the steel grade and the technical specifications needed:

- white zinc plating to protect against corrosion;
- hot-dip galvanizing, ideal for exposure to harsh environmental conditions;
- Geomet treatment, valued for its anti-corrosive properties without altering the material's characteristics.

The railway infrastructure elements

Bolts are essential throughout railway infrastructure, including sleepers, rails and profiles, tracks, signage, and electrical installations.

In addition, railway sensors and power systems rely on high-quality components to ensure operational safety.

Bolting solutions for rolling stocks

Modern trains use various bolts and screws designed for both mechanical strength and easy maintenance. Key applications include:

- power units, which require corrosion-resistant bolts;
- car bodies and bogies, where fastening systems must absorb vibrations and maintain structural integrity;
- interiors, where accessible and easy-to-maintain screws, like recessed hex screws, are preferred.

These fasteners must withstand vibrations during travel and the significant temperature changes typical of railway environments in various climates.

Types of bolts and standards

Univiti manufactures a range of bolts and screws for railway infrastructure and rolling stocks. Here are some of the main types:

- medium hex nuts (Class 10) for high-strength fastening;
- hex-head screws, available in both fully and partially threaded versions;
- threaded rods and Nord-Lock washers for secure connections;
- controlled-tightening bolts (EN 14399) for structural joints;
- threaded inserts and structural rivets for permanent assemblies.

The EN 14399 standard is essential for structural bolting, while 3.1 certification ensures material quality with comprehensive documentation.

Railway bolting is more than a technical detail; it is fundamental to the safety and reliability of rail transport. Selecting the right components, following standards, and using protective treatments are critical for the success of any railway project. Univiti, a certified supplier, offers the best solutions for the railway industry—explore its catalog for more information.